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Spectral Flattening Is All Muon Needs: How Orthogonalization Controls Learning Rate and Convergence

Tien-Phat Nguyen, Truong Nguyen, Minh-Phuc Truong, Tuc Nguyen, James Bailey, Trung Le

arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.13079 · 2026

arXiv DOI

BibTeX

@inproceedings{le2026spectral,
  title = {Spectral Flattening Is All Muon Needs: How Orthogonalization Controls Learning Rate and Convergence},
  author = {Tien-Phat Nguyen, Truong Nguyen, Minh-Phuc Truong, Tuc Nguyen, James Bailey, Trung Le},
  booktitle = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.13079},
  year = {2026}
}